| Pampas | | "Ecological islands" that are isolated plateaus |
| Mt Aconcagua | | High plateau surrounded by even higher mountains |
| Lake Titicaca | | Elevated region that slopes to a fertile coast plain in Guyana |
| Estuary | | Created when moisture is blocked by a mountain range |
| Orinoco | | Occurs where fresh and seawater mix |
| Altiplano | | Grass covered savannas found in Venezuela |
| Lake Titicaca | | Created by a loss of nutrients or by overgrazing |
| El Nino | | Located from sea level to 3,000 feet |
| Tierra del Fuego | | Highest elevated freshwater body in the world |
| Llanos | | River system that drains Caribbean South America |
| Parana | | Parallel mountain ranges |
| Patagonia | | A narrow waterway connecting two larger bodies of water |
| Tepuis | | Run along most of the western part of the continent |
| Paramo | | The driest desert in the world |
| Selvas | | Region found above the tree line |
| Cordillera | | A water pattern located along the west coast |
| Tierra caliente | | A rain shadow desert found in southern Argentina |
| Strait | | Landform that is the size of the U.S--contains 1/3 of all species |
| Tierra helada | | Links the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans |
| Peru Current | | Drains much of the central portion of Atlantic South America |
| Strait of Magellen | | "Land of Fire" |
| Atacama | | Highest freshwater lake in the world |
| Rain shadow | | Found above 16,000 feet |
| Soil exhaustion | | Thick rainforests found in the Amazon Basin |
| Guiana Highlands | | Grasslands created from fertile loess deposits |
| Amazon River | | Highest peak in the Western Hemisphere |
| Andes | | A weather pattern found in the Pacific Ocean |